A set of multi-entry identification keys to African frugivorous flies (Diptera, Tephritidae)

Massimiliano Virgilio, Ian White, Marc De Meyer

Dacus punctatifrons

Genus genus unknown or Bactrocera, Zeugodacus and Dacus. Key to genera Gen.o.5: sex male or female. Head Gen.h.5: first flagellomere longer than facial margin, Gen.h.15: ocellar setae absent. Wings Gen.w.5: cell bcu (cup) appendix longer than base, Gen.w.10: (males) wing banding Gen.w.10.2: not Ceratitis pattern, Gen.w.20: (females) wing banding not Ceratitis pattern. Thorax Gen.t.5: prescutellar setae absent, Gen.t.10: basal scutellar setae absent, Gen.t.15: anepisternal setae 1, Gen.t.25: scutellum pattern Gen.t.25.1: unicolor, white to yellow (at most along basal margin with transverse darker band) or Gen.t.25.2: unicolor, red to red-brown (at most along basal margin with transverse darker band), Gen.t.45: postpronotal lobe unicolor or patterned, Gen.t.50: anepisternal stripe absent or vertical. Abdomen Gen.a.5: tergites fused. Ecology and distribuion distribution West Africa, East Africa, Central Africa or Southern Africa, (males) lure attractant cuelure (CL). Key to Bactrocera, Zeugodacus and Dacus sex male or female, (males) lure attractant cuelure (CL). Thorax BZD.t.5: predominant colour of scutum colored (orange, red, brown), BZD.t.10: postpronotal lobe colour entirely pale (yellow or orange) or partly pale, BZD.t.20: transverse suture (notopleural suture) with triangular yellow mark no, BZD.t.45: scutum with a medial vitta or stripe yes, BZD.t.50: medial vitta shape parallel, BZD.t.60: scutellum extensively marked (patterned) no, BZD.t.90: anepisternal stripe extent not reaching anterior notopleural seta, BZD.t.95: yellow marking on anatergite and katatergite both anatergite and katatergite, BZD.t.120: scutum with anterior supra-alar setae yes or no, BZD.t.125: scutum with prescutellar acrostichal setae no. Abdomen BZD.a.10: tergites fused yes, BZD.a.25: medial longitudinal stripe on tergite 4 yes or no. Wings BZD.w.15: cell c with covering of microtrichia along entire length at least anteriorly yes or no, BZD.w.20: cell br (narrowed part) with extensive covering of microtrichia yes, BZD.w.35: complete costal band yes, BZD.w.55: costal band depth not below vein R2+3, below vein R2+3, not to R4+5 or reaching vein R4+5, BZD.w.65: costal band expanded into an apical spot yes, BZD.w.95: anal streak yes, BZD.w.120: wings patterned (other than costal band and anal streak) yes or no, BZD.w.150: transverse mark over crossvein dm-cu (not direct to any on r-m) no. Legs BZD.l.10: mid femur colour BZD.l.10.3: bi-coloured or with dark marking in apical third, BZD.l.15: hind femur colour BZD.l.15.3: bi-coloured or with dark marking in apical third.